The American Thoracic Society guidelines define severe asthma as asthma that requires high-dose inhaled and/or systemic corticosteroid treatment and that, despite these interventions, is characterized by persistent and/or life-threatening symptoms [37].
In the main task, interventions were characterized by the initial QALE of the target groups.
These interventions were characterized by self-monitoring, encouragement and peer support, with varying levels of intensity and structure.
Patients not returning to work after the interventions were characterized by negative expectations, perceptions about pain and disability, and previous physiotherapy treatment.
However, in practice, lean interventions are characterized by high variance; that is, high heterogeneity of the context and the intervention itself - the content, the application and the outcomes of lean [ 5– 9].
The statistical pooling of the subgroup of surgical pathway interventions is characterized by a considerable overall test-value for statistical inconsistency (I2 = 60.9%) which also reflects the clinical heterogeneity of the surgical pathway interventions included in this comparison.
These interventions were characterized by single or multiple training sessions involving multiple 'modes' of delivery (e.g., video, role-play, etc)., but did not have an 'exchange' component whereby recipients interacted with facilitators (e.g., researchers, other experts) to engage with the knowledge.
