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Both controlled and uncontrolled studies were conducted, which included a few RCTs as well as designs whose decreasing inherent ability to control for key sources of (e.g., selection) bias increasingly precludes the identification of reliable links between interventions and effects.
Due to the scarcity of papers included (seven), significant heterogeneity of CM interventions and effects studied, and the methodological inadequacies, no conclusions on the effects of CM in cancer patient care can be made.
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15 16 Results from randomised clinical trials of treatment after suicide attempt, synthesised in systematic reviews, are heterogeneous in interventions and effect.
Higher uptake of intervention and effects in disadvantaged group has also been reported.
The intervention and effects after the first three months have previously been reported [ 14].
A longer time-frame of evaluation would be required to demonstrate any causal link between the intervention and effects on patient care and management.
Assessors need to investigate unintended effects of interventions and interaction effects between different interventions.
Recommendation 7: Assessors need to investigate unintended effects of interventions and interaction effects between different interventions.
The individual variables that were reported were divided in four categories: demographic, diagnostic, intervention, and effect variables.
However, most studies in this area have adopted a before/after intervention study design, making it difficult to establish a causal relationship between intervention and effect (36).
It is rarely feasible to conduct controlled trials and, as residents take time to adjust, there may be delay between intervention and effect (Lawlor et al., 2003).
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