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This paper reports two studies concerned with the development and validation of the Hypomania Interpretations Questionnaire (HIQ) designed to assess positive self-dispositional appraisals for hypomania-relevant experiences.
The Hypomania Interpretations Questionnaire [ 38], a 10-item self-report questionnaire to explore if either group changed positive self-dispositional appraisals for hypomania-related experiences.
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Three studies were conducted to examine the psychometric properties of a new scale: the Heights Interpretation Questionnaire (HIQ).
Such contrasting findings may reflect item validity, participants' interpretations of questionnaire items, denial or fluctuation of emotion, or recall facilitated by interviews.
This adds complexity to the interpretation of questionnaire results.
This has to be considered in the interpretation of questionnaire scores.
For seven questionnaires, two or more types of score distributions were presented that can facilitate the interpretation of questionnaire scores.
As shown in Table 1, factor loadings for items ranged between 0.61 and 0.89, and were substantially higher than the 0.3 to 0.4 criterion that is commonly used in factor interpretation and questionnaire design [ 39, 40].
However, due to the self reported character of the variables, caution must be taken with respect to possible bias since we do not know if the women have changed their interpretations of questionnaires and self-report over time.
This is because individuals from different cultures may have different ways of living, thinking, and expressing [ 2], leading to culture-specific interpretation of questionnaire items and/or response styles and difference in scale scores.
It also remains possible that the interpretation of questionnaires was different between patients, which may affect the generalizability of our findings.
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