All authors devised the study and helped to conceptualize ideas, interpret findings, manuscript writing and reviewing drafts of the article.
The government created an institute named after Ahmed Baba, Timbuktu's greatest scholar, to collect, preserve and interpret the manuscripts.
YF participated in the study design and coordination, helped to draft the manuscript, interpret results, and revised the manuscript.
SR, SM, LO, and SY assisted with selecting and interpreting manuscripts, and made revisions to the manuscript draft.
MO designed the manuscript, interpreted data and revised the manuscript.
MYD and EEM conducted the data extraction, wrote the initial draft of the manuscript, interpreted results, and revised the manuscript.
DI provided expertise in the analysis of dietary data, developed background information for the manuscript, interpreted study results, and performed manuscript revision.
When necessary, research associates with the relevant language helped to interpret non-English manuscripts.
All authors participated in drafting the manuscript, interpreting the data, and approving the final manuscript.
SI drafted the manuscript, interpreted the data, and critically reviewed the manuscript.
