One of the explanations of tobacco smoking influence on infants birthweight is that individual genetic susceptibility to tobacco smoke might also have an effect on the foetal development [ 12]; – moreover, this variability may be related to the interplay of environmental exposures, such as exposure to cigarette smoke, and host-modified metabolic processes [ 13].
More theoretically oriented research is needed that includes more epidemiological data to understand the independent contributions of the exposure variables beyond the contribution of the established biomedical risk factors, and the possible interplay of the exposure variables and the biomedical variables.
Second, current models do not consider the interplay of individual exposure including type of activity (eg, walking, undertaking transfers) and environmental risks (eg, lighting, floor conditions) in which activity is performed.
It results from a complex interplay of biological vulnerability, environmental exposure, and developmental factors (e.g., stage of brain maturity)." Alcoholism has a higher prevalence among men, though in recent decades, the proportion of female alcoholics has increased.
For all 3 countries we found extensive annual and longer range fluctuations and shifts in distribution of patient ages, suggesting major variations in the complex interplay of factors influencing risk for exposure to TBE virus.
Issues arise, for example, in linking deaths to disasters because of the complex interplay between exposure, risk, vulnerability, and hazards.
There is also a well-established overrepresentation of the disease in females, affecting ~3 times more females than males due to a complex interplay of hormonal and enviro-genomic exposures [5].
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common inflammatory joint disease caused by a complex interplay of genetic variants and environmental exposures.
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic lung diseases, both thought to result from a complex interplay of genetic factors and environmental exposures.
Study of environmental health in the elderly has a great deal in common with the study of children's health because it emphasizes the dynamic interplay of timing, functions, and environmental exposures.
