England et al. [ 17] recommends that concrete goal strategies may lead to greater resolution of interpersonal problems in stressful situations.
It has also been reported that people with a characteristically negative style of interpersonal interactions have more stressful life events [ 17, 19, 20].
The fact that Type D individuals tend to experience interpersonal situations as being stressful may also have direct biological effects that may impact on the cardiovascular system.
Then, ask students to open their eyes and write down the type of stressful event (like an interpersonal conflict or an upcoming test), the types of thoughts they had at the time (worst-case scenarios or self-doubt, for example), and their bodies' responses (like a knot in the stomach or sweaty palms).
They were less likely to be stably married, had poorer marital satisfaction, reported more spouse coercion and physical injury, had more problematic relationships with their child, friends, and extended family, reported more stressful life events with interpersonal and conflict content, and were more insecure in their beliefs about other people.
Second, the adolescent period is particularly stressful in regards to interpersonal issues, more specifically the impact of peer influence and peer victimization including online bullying [ 23].
For example, analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey showed that depressive atypicality, a subtype based on patterns of symptoms, was associated with interpersonal dependency, reduced self esteem and stressful life events [ 22, 24].
In addition, high levels of peritraumatic dissocation in adults during a stressful event such as interpersonal violence or burn injury, may also predict symptoms of psychopathology, such as anxiety and depression [ 17, 18].
CBT emphasizes activating the youth, increasing participation in activities that he/she enjoys, developing and/or activating social skills important for establishing and maintaining positive social interactions and relationships, and developing interpersonal problem-solving strategies for resolving stressful problem situations.
If the stressful events are related to interpersonal difficulties, teaching, practicing and modeling (i.e., role play) of interpersonal skills may be useful.
