Also, jackdaws showed a strong susceptibility to local enhancement in a similar set-up; to control for a possible preference for the cup (as in the study on dogs), here, two internal cups (one transparent, one opaque) were used (Schloegl 2011).
In addition to nest mass, we measured five aspects of nest morphology: 1) external nest diameter, 2) internal nest-cup diameter, 3) external nest depth, 4) internal nest-cup depth, and 5) nest-wall thickness.
Measures of the external and internal nest-cup diameter are the average of the maximum and minimum diameters of the outer and inner nest-cup, respectively.
Internal nest-cup depth is the distance from the top rim of the nest walls to the base of the interior nest cup (where eggs are placed).
While the San Francisco Police Department conducts an inquiry into the fatal accident, Murray, a 55-year-old Australian, will lead the America's Cup internal investigation with support from the United States Coast Guard.
We examined nest morphology (e.g., mass, nest-wall thickness, internal and external nest-cup depth, internal and external nest-cup diameter) and nest composition of four phylogenetically independent lineages of birds to determine if nest morphologies converge under similar breeding conditions.
Samples were contained in a small glass cup with internal dimensions of 2 × 2 × 2 mm3, which were sealed by gluing a small cover glass over the open end.
The internal wall of the cup, the endoperidium, is smooth and grey to bluish-black.
I love the early morning hours-awakening, talking with my husband about what has been on my mind, oil pulling (and internal conversing or quieting), cup of coffee out on the deck in the summer, then morning yoga and pranayama, focused breathing.
