It has been argued that the fact that infection trials often intermingle the effects of different infection steps strongly influences our interpretation of host-parasite interactions [ 1, 10, 11].
This overlap is usually considered to be phylogenetic niche conservatism (sensu Grafen [ 37]), reflecting the fact that the putative effect of the mating system on morphological features is intermingled with phylogenetic effects if species with the same mating system are closely related.
When a treatment is given repeatedly, conditioning and expectation are intermingled, and the effect is reinforced with the length of the symptom-free period [34].
It could be argued that a feeling of loneliness reflects a person's disinclination to trust other people, and that the two variables are intermingled in their effect on health.
It is challenging to differentiate both sources contributing to the accuracy of genomic selection as their effects are intermingled [ 14].
They are, in other words, effectively intermingled.
However, the two zoning types are not interspersed, and where green space is not intermingled amongst residential areas, the mitigating effect on temperature in dense residential areas may be diminished.
Furthermore, in prophylactic repetitive treatment, which is equivalent to a ritual, the effects of suggestion and conditioning are intermingled, likely reenforced by a long delay of occurrence, and a good control of the first attack [56].
Previous attempts to directly record spiking activity of AgRP neurons have been restricted to in vitro approaches, due to the technical challenges of extracellular electrophysiological recordings in the ARC in living animals, and the fact that AgRP neurons are intermingled with pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons with opposing effects on food intake (Varela and Horvath, 2012, Zhan et al., 2013).
