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Smooth pursuit eye tracking deficits are a promising intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia and possibly for psychotic disorders more broadly.
Smooth pursuit deficits are an intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia that may result from disturbances in visual motion perception, sensorimotor transformation, predictive mechanisms, or alterations in basic oculomotor control.
Because the resting EEG is an indicator of cortical activation it may be regarded as an intermediate phenotype for anxiety, stress and addiction.
The EEG may thus be considered an intermediate phenotype for complex behaviors and psychopathology in which arousal is implicated, such as anxiety, depression and addiction.
The resting EEG is a dynamic index of cortical activation, cognitive function and consciousness and is therefore an intermediate phenotype for many behaviors in which arousal is implicated such as anxiety and alcoholism.
Our results suggest a likely role for CRH-BP in stress-related alcoholism and highlight the use of the resting EEG as an intermediate phenotype for arousal-related behaviors such as anxiety and addiction.
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Accumulating evidence suggests temperament characteristics are intermediate phenotypes for clinical conditions.
The use of intermediate phenotypes for complex pain diseases revealed new genetic pathways influencing risk of TMD.
There is currently a great deal of interest in the use of affective temperaments as possible intermediate phenotypes for bipolar disorder.
In addition, we found associations with AD intermediate phenotypes for two SNPs, within the zinc finger protein 224 (ZNF224) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) genes, both of which were selected for genotyping based on their identification in AD case/control GWA studies [6], [10].
Based on this promise, a number of studies have begun to take advantage of intermediate phenotypes for genetic association analysis in AD, including neuropsychiatric test measures [18], MRI imaging data [19], [20], biomarkers from blood and CSF [21], [22], and direct measurements of AD pathology [23].
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