Sequence-sensitive Gō-model simulations conclude that frustration in the folding in Spo0F, corresponding to the appearance of the off-pathway intermediate, reflects competition for intra-subdomain van der Waals contacts between its N- and C-terminal subdomains.
Co-infection can be present under high, low, or intermediate levels of competition.
Mutation of the N-terminal lobe resulted in a CaM variant that showed an intermediate level of competition, i.e. 31±2% reduction in binding to 2 mol% PI 4,5 P2-containing PI 4,5 P2-containing
The broad substrate acceptance is consistent with the possibility that multiple paths lead to the same intermediates, and that competition could occur in vivo.
We previously reported that toxin fragments that encompass the CROPs plus a great part of the intermediate domain show stronger competition with full length TcdA than the mere CROPs [25].
The stepwise acquisition model with ambiguous intermediates is expected to reduce organismal fitness during intermediate stages due to competition between release factors and glutamine tRNAs resulting in aberrant peptides.
Copulations were longest in the presence of one potential rival, shortest in the presence of four potential rivals, and intermediate in the absence of competition.
The intermediate fluorescence signal observed upon competition of fusion protein binding on Huh-7 cells likely reflects the binding of the scTRAIL moiety to TRAIL receptors and is consistent with the low but specific signal obtained from scFv α EGFR-scTRAIL and Db α EGFR-scTRAIL binding to TRAILR+ EGFR− HepG2 cells.
By manipulating polarity protein dynamics, we show that resolution of multi-cluster intermediates occurs through a greedy competition between clusters to recruit and retain polarity proteins from a shared intracellular pool.
As a simple example, we consider a fitness landscape where we add deleterious intermediates u0 and v0 (each occurring at rate μ0 and leading to fitness cost δ i ) to the uphill and valley-crossing branches respectively, so that we now have competition between a single-intermediate valley and a two-intermediate valley.
