Kowalczyk, who sat out of the sprint event to nurse a foot injury, got a strong start and clocked the best times at all three intermediate checkpoints to finish in 28 minutes, 17.8 seconds.
Ellen van Dijk of the Netherlands, who set off last as defending champion, trailed at the two intermediate checkpoints and was hampered by heavy rain in the closing stages as she finished more than one minute adrift in seventh.
Features such as high-volume stream-processing, intermediate checkpointing and load distribution make the design viable for more general streaming data processing applications.
Just how good his time was became apparent when Wiggins, the Olympic time trial champion, reached the first intermediate checkpoint at 26km 52 seconds adrift, although Wiggins had been forced to change his time trial bike after suffering a puncture.
It was not until De Gendt's team-mate Gustav Larsson – the Swedish national champion in the discipline – that his time was beaten; Larsson, although six seconds slower than De Gendt to the intermediate checkpoint, put in a better second element to the race, eventually crossing the finish line in an eventual stage-winning time of 19' 19".
Westra set off two minutes before Wiggins, and although noted as proficient in the time trial discipline, he left everything on the hill as he set the fastest time to the intermediate checkpoint; recording a time of 11' 29", taking around three seconds per kilometre out of Péraud's time of 11' 47".
RPA-single-stranded DNA complexes are common intermediates in checkpoint responses and DNA repair reactions [39].
Additionally, accumulation of repair intermediates could activate checkpoint signaling, although it is unclear whether checkpoint-activating single-stranded gaps will actually be generated in xpa-1, xpf-1 or xpg-1 mutants.
The role of Dot1 in checkpoint activation at intermediate temperatures was confirmed by measuring phosphorylation of Rad53.
Effects of RTK and downstream inhibitors/shRNAs were assessed by measuring mesothelioma cell viability/growth, apoptosis, activation of signalling intermediates, expression of cell-cycle checkpoints, and cell-cycle alterations.
When there is not enough space to store all intermediate results in high-speed memory, checkpointing strategies are employed, whereby selected stages of the computation are stored, and missing information is recomputed from these checkpoints on an as-needed basis.
