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The scientists recruited beginning, intermediate and professional players.
There is a big difference between beginner, intermediate and professional trumpets.
However, there is a thin line between intermediate and professional cellos.
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In the analysis, NS-SEC categories were routine and manual, intermediate, managerial and professional, retired or home carer, sick or disabled and unable to work, long-term unemployed or never worked, in prison and other.
The occupational social class of the survey household reference person is reported according to the NS-SEC8 (routine; semi-routine; lower supervisory and technical; small employers/own accounts; intermediate; lower managerial and professional; higher managerial and professional).
For father's occupation, five categories were considered following the international classification of occupations (ISCO): managers, professionals, and intermediate professionals; craftsmen, tradesmen, and heads of firms; service workers and clerks; manual workers and other occupations; and not working (unemployed and retired) [ 34, 39].
Occupational social class (current or most recent occupation) was assessed using the UK three-category National Statistics Socio-Economic Claschemeation scheme (NS-SEC): mandgerial and professional; intermediate; and routine-manual.
The self-coded version of the NS-SEC used in this study has five classes of occupation: managerial and professional; intermediate; small employers and own account workers; lower supervisory and technical; semi-routine and routine.
We combined these factors by using an algorithm to derive the NS-SEC category for the sole or highest scoring parent/carer, in five groups: managerial and professional, intermediate, small employers and own account workers, lower supervisory and technical, and semi-routine and routine occupations.
British Civil Service employment grade was used as a measure of occupational position and was grouped into three categories: high (senior administrators), intermediate (executives, professionals and technical staff) and low (clerical and office support staff) [ 20].
Current (or last for retired participants) British civil service employment grade, defined on the basis of salary, was used as a measure of occupational position and was grouped into three categories: high (senior administrators), intermediate (executives, professionals, and technical staff) and low (clerical and office support staff) grades.
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