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Schistosomes not only inhabit various tissues of their intermediate and definitive hosts, but also traverse freshwater environments to change hosts.
Different, and sometimes opposing, selective pressures acting on parasites within the intermediate and definitive hosts have been identified.
As it is spreading over the continent, new intermediate and definitive hosts might be involved in transmission of the parasite.
Additional taxon sampling is required to further test the inferences of intermediate and definitive host switching in the genus made by Hoberg [ 1].
These findings suggest that SmFes may play a role in signal transduction pathways involved in larval transformation after penetration into intermediate and definitive hosts [ 85, 86].
Parsimony analysis found 4 equally parsimonious trees, and the consensus tree has since been used to infer patterns of intermediate and definitive host association [ 1].
Similar(39)
Malaria parasites (Plasmodium sp) have an intricate and complex life cycle in vertebrate (intermediate) and invertebrate (definitive) hosts, and the multiple developmental forms of Plasmodium species are potential targets of distinct antiparasite molecules.
These trematodes are transmitted through a life cycle that alternates between asexual and sexual generations in invertebrate intermediate and vertebrate definitive hosts, respectively (Clark, 1974; Shoop, 1988).
Factors associated with the life history of both arthropod intermediate and ungulate definitive hosts can be convergent in amplification of parasite populations.
Let I denote the intermediate and D the definitive outcome of a MAMS trial.
One can speculate that the in vitro environment may artificially block CD34+ cells at an intermediate stage between primitive and definitive hematopoiesis (that is not observed in unmanipulated cells) which may allow the expression of both transcripts in the same cells.
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