At the budding sites, complexes of eight interlinked vRNPs have been imaged, meaning that, at some point during infection, the eight segments establish specific cis-acting and intersegment interactions to form a supra-molecular complex5,6.
The interlinked elements form a complex structure, which is essentially of digital nature (digital refers here to the fact that the network provides static information on the connections between unique, discontinuous components [ 5], e.g. a particular pair of regulating and regulated gene).
TACE and other protease enzymes are thought to form interlinked "networks" that regulate epithelial cell barrier functions and may display altered functionality in inflammatory conditions, such as sepsis (23), whereas conditional murine TACE knockout appears protective in endotoxic shock (24).
The four interlinked rings that represent the car company's emblem dates back to 1932 when four German auto companies merged together to form Auto Union, which was an Audi predecessor.
This interlinked QS network controls the expression of multiple virulence factors including exoenzymes, toxins, and secondary metabolites (e.g. chitinase, elastase, protease, exotoxin A, hydrogen cyanide, phenazines, pyoverdin, rhamnolipid) as well as the ability to form biofilms [ 16].
These pathways are not linear, but rather form a network of interlinked reactions converging and diverging from shared intermediates (figure 1).
All hits form an interlinked network in agreement with the overall relatedness of all protein hits observed in the course of the PSI-Blast analysis.
By using the newly developed bioluminescent multi-reporter system to monitor simultaneously changes in ATP, oxygen, Ca2+, and secretory activity, we have shown that ATP, oxygen, and Ca2+ oscillate, forming a interlinked oscillatory circuit, and lead to oscillatory secretion in the condensation phase of chondrogenesis.
