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The interface friction angle also matched shear box test results.
Some changes to the current guidelines regarding the selection of interface friction angle are also suggested.
The results showed that the pullout force significantly increased as the interface friction angle increased as illustrated in Fig. 9a.
Open image in new window Fig. 9 Effect of interface friction angle a pullout force; b modified earth pressure coefficient.
The interface friction angle between the pipe surface and the backfill material was reported to be 36°.
The interface friction angle is adjusted to maintain the pipe roughness at a value of 0.8 of the soil friction angle throughout the analysis.
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The individual tools exhibited different overall coefficients of friction, but the back-analysis method yielded equal interface friction angles acting on all three devices, indicating internal consistency.
Using upper and lower bound finite element limit analysis, earth pressure coefficients are derived for a range of seismic coefficients and soil-wall interface friction angles.
This is in agreement with the observations made by [21] based on a sensitivity analysis of K value with respect to the soil parameters (e.g. interface friction and dilation angles).
The factor of safety for an interface with a high friction angle and low apparent cohesion generally drops much more quickly than it does under inverse conditions when the leachate level increases.
So values of normal and shear strength of the interface is 135 MPa/m and cohesion and friction angle values of interface including surrounding soil of stone column are as Table 1.
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