In contrast, statistical interaction between the gene and environment is defined as the interdependence between the effects of genetic and environmental risk factors in the context of a statistical model.
Epidemiologists also use the term "effect modification" to refer to interdependence of the effects of two or more variables (Last 2000).
As defined in statistical modeling, interaction refers to the interdependence of the effects of two or more variables.
These were the effect of vision building on task interdependence, and the effect of consideration and stimulation on goal interdependence, as well as the effects of goal interdependence on self-reflection, experimentation, and keeping up to date.
For these two types of vulnerability, interdependent effects are mainly studied and the effects of interdependence strength between infrastructures have also been analyzed.
Trying to refute neoliberal ideas concerning the effects of interdependence, Waltz identifies two reasons why the anarchic international system limits cooperation: insecurity and unequal gains.
The effects of goal interdependence on teacher engagement in professional learning activities proved different than expected (hypothesis 2).
This effect was less strong than the effects of task interdependence on the individual self-efficacy of the teachers (see Figure 2).
While all of the effects of task interdependence were moderate (i.e.,.34 for knowledge sharing and social reflection,.27 for reflection,.20 for experimentation,.16 for keeping up to date), the effect of task interdependence on knowledge sharing and social reflection was double the size of the effect on keeping up to date.
Furthermore, statistical analysis showed that there is interdependence between the effect of formaldehyde and the surfactant, especially in the case of volume and pore size.
