Feedforward control may be necessary to account for other process disturbances that influence the temperature profile and was shown to be effective at counteracting a step change in intercooling temperature.
The effect of the intercooler outlet temperature on energy saving was also considered.
The abovementioned heat exchangers (i.e., intercooler, regenerator, high temperature heat addition, reheater, and low temperature heat rejection) are of counter-flow types, and their effectiveness can be calculated (e.g., [35]) as follows: ε i = 1 - exp - NTU 1 - C * 1 - C * exp - NTU 1 - C *, i = int, reg, add, reh, rej Open image in new window (15).
The use of an intercooler reduces the temperature of intake air to the engine, and this cooler and denser air increases thermal and volumetric efficiency.
The Nissan unit is equipped with an intercooler that lowers the temperature of the incoming air and makes it even denser, adding to the supercharger's efficiency.
The two small turbos, one for each bank of cylinders and each with an intercooler that lowers the temperature of air forced into the engine, provide quicker response than a single large turbo.
Heat from the air compressor intercooler and the low temperature syngas is introduced to the regenerator to correct its imbalanced heat exchange, a typical problem of the supercritical CO2 power cycle that is caused by the abrupt physical property variation.
For all applications, operation at low lean loadings did not require intercooling to avoid temperature-related capacity or mass transfer penalties.
Having an analytical solution, the influence of different variables, such as expansion ratio between HP and LP turbine, intercooler efficiency, turbochargers efficiency, cooling fluid temperature and exhaust temperature are studied independently.
The variation of the generator and condenser temperatures as well as the intercooler pressure were considered for an evaporator temperature of −10 °C and a unitary cooling capacity of 1 kW.
