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Based on previous reports, showing that zirconium alloying to Ti1 − xAlxN hard coatings can increase their thermal stability, we study in detail the interaction of bias potential and Al content on structure, hardness, thermal stability, and oxidation resistance of arc evaporated Ti1 − x − yAlxZryN hard coatings.
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The synergistic interaction of the bias with DC and pulsed DC closed field magnetron sources is explored.
When there exists a strong interaction, the degree of bias that the additive effects model produces does not seem worth the trade-off in precision gain.
Therefore, there was no evidence of any interaction between quality/risk of bias in the included studies and the final results.
With respect to the effects of NMBA on hospital mortality, we found no interactions with study risk of bias, etiology of ARDS as sepsis versus other, or with severity of hypoxemia (Table 4).
Table 6 shows the bias interaction of test-taker by and test type.
Is there any bias interaction of rater by test type, rater by test-taker and test-taker by test type?
Table 5 presents the bias interaction of rater (raters 8, 3, 6, 9 and 1) by test-taker in both test modes.
The second part reports the bias interaction of a) rater by test type, b) rater by test-taker and c) test-taker by test type.
These previous meta-analyses suffered two problems that were currently addressed: problematic interaction of the significant outcome bias, SOB, with theoretical fear appeal dynamics; and the inclusion of attitude and/or intention as outcome measures.
Providing that S-nitrosylation can be differentiated from S-glutahionylation on the basis of the covalent nature of the latter, unspecific interactions are the main source of bias.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com