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Furthermore, the effects of a genetic variation may be indirect where an ADR emerges secondary to the interaction of a variant protein and a ligand perturbed wild type protein.
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Previously, a 3-million-fold affinity maturation process was achieved in a protein protein interaction composed of a variant T-cell receptor fragment and a bacterial superantigen.
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to characterize noncovalent interaction of a size variant comprising an antibody monomer and an extra light chain.
In this regard, it is interesting to note that an initial report of an interaction between a variant of the serotonin transporter gene and stressful life events on depression [29] was not consistently replicated in later studies [30].
Alternatively, one could treat the swarm of virus variants as an ecosystem and use the Lotka-Volterra competition (L-V) equations: (2) where r i is the maximum per capita growth rate and the coefficients α ij represent the interaction of variant j over variant i.
Shanahan et al. (2008) report in explaining educational outcome that there is a significant interaction between a variant of the DRD2 dopamine receptor gene with factors such as having a parent that belongs to the PTA and how often parents discuss school related issues with the student.
For example, political orientation in early adulthood is influenced by an interaction between a variant of a dopamine receptor gene linked with novelty seeking and an environmental factor of friendship [ 3].
It remains possible that the association between the variant and unexpected infant death represents a complex interaction of the variant with environmental risk factors including sleep position, bed-sharing, prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure and food security.
A few studies have evaluated gene environment interactions with a variant of the gene for the dopamine type 2 receptor (i.e., the DRD2 Taq1A polymorphism, which actually is located in the neighboring gene ANKK1).
Elsewhere, Church et al 68 reported an interaction of the rs9960939 variant with age on children's weight gain trajectories, and found that the A allele was associated with lower BMI in infancy but a higher BMI in later childhood.
Using FLIM-FRET and co-immunoprecipitation we additionally show extended and more intense interaction of the variant p.C284A with ASC compared with WT caspase-1.
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