Exact(5)
Genetic gain per unit of time for a breeding programme depends on four elements: variability for the trait under selection, selection intensity (proportion of individuals selected), accuracy of prediction (proportional to heritability) and time required for turning a breeding cycle.
Nowadays, there are different ideas to describe this effect, which two major categories are considering the intensity proportion of Raman scattering with the polarization of molecule and electric field shown as follows.
Intensity, proportion and total (i.e. sum of intensity and proportion) IHC scores were reported, including inter-rater variability between pathologists with substantial Quality Assurance experience.
These include examination of variation in signal intensity, proportion of "present" calls, and any spatial anomalies (smudges, streaks, patches of extremely high or low signal) among the arrays [ 22].
An intensity proportion scale ranging from 0 to 3+ are used for scoring of β2-AR: 3+, greater than 30%% tumor cells strongly stained; 2+, greater than 30%% tumor cells modestly stained; 1+, greater than 15%% tumor cells weakly stained; 0, no staining or less than 10%% of tumor cells stained.
Similar(55)
However, we used an intensity-proportion scoring system which has been extensively used in breast cancer scoring[ 28].
Scoring was performed using an intensity-proportion scoring system, as previously described for immuno-scoring of oestrogen receptors in breast carcinoma[ 27] and recently adapted by us for immuno-scoring in upper gastrointestinal biopsies[ 28].
The expression of YWHAZ was regarded as high expression (intensity plus proportion scores ⩾4 of tumour cells showing immunopositivity) or low expression (intensity plus proportion scores ⩽3 of tumour cells showing immunopositivity) using high-powered (× 200) microscopy (Tsuda, 2008).
Nuclear staining for ER and PR was recorded using the Allred scoring system; a simple additive scoring system of an intensity and proportion value that gives a range from 0 to 8 (intensity score range 0 3; proportion score range 0 5 (0=no staining; 1⩽1%; 2=1 10%; 3=11 33%; 4=34 66%; 5=67 100%)).
Allred score system evaluates a combination of intensity and proportion, potentially increasing the prognostic value of the analysis by the intensity alone or the proportion alone in this study.
On the other hand, in intestinal-type cancers, MVD score correlated with overexpression (Table 3), intensity, and proportion of PDGF-B, whereas no correlation was observed between a higher MVD score and overexpression, intensity, and proportion of VEGF-A.
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