Baseline predictors were pros of smoking, pros of quitting, self-efficacy, and intensity of smoking.
The effects of pros of smoking and self-efficacy on relapse, however, appeared to be accounted for by differences in intensity of smoking.
The questionnaire contained questions about frequency and intensity of smoking.
Studies show that the protective effect of smoking on preeclampsia increases with the intensity of smoking.
OR estimates did not increase with increasing duration or intensity of smoking.
Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95%% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age, smoking status, duration of smoking and intensity of smoking.
Regarding smoking, the questionnaire inquired about smoking status and for ever-smokers it inquired about the duration and intensity of smoking.
Those results were adjusted for smoking intensity, while in the present study we preferred to adjust for pack-years, in order to take into account both duration and intensity of smoking.
While the methylation of Retinoic Acid Receptor Beta (RARB), p16, fragile histidine triad (FHIT), and RASSF1A (RAS association domain family 1A) correlate weakly with smoking status, the degree of methylation increases with intensity of smoking.
Using participants from the Cancer Prevention Study II, Flanders et al found a greater increase in lung cancer mortality with a greater duration of cigarette smoking compared with a greater intensity of smoking.
Focusing on the intensity of cigarette smoking, measured as the lifetime average number of cigarettes smoked per day, we estimated that the risk of RA was more than twice the risk of never smokers, in both age- and multivariable-adjusted models, even for women with low intensity of smoking, that is, those who smoked 1 to 7 cigarettes per day.
