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This suggests a higher intensity of cracking to which a heavier feed would be more susceptible we have shown above that pure pyrolysis does not reduce viscosity as much as cracking in subcritical water for the same processing time.
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In that moment I didn't understand what I was seeing — later I would study the mysteries of double poling with an intensity worthy of cracking the genetic code — there was just the sense of a door opening to a hidden world I suddenly wanted to be part of.
Numerical examples are provided to show the effect of the gradient parameter βa, the crack configuration on the dynamic intensity factors of cracked functionally graded materials.
Optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examinations revealed that different extent of plastic void growth and matrix shear yielding led to different toughening efficiency on (a) bulk epoxies and (b) epoxy/carbon fiber laminates with varying intensity of crack-wake bridging and delamination crack growth.
Moreover, the intensity of surface cracking increased with increasing heating duration which is believed to be caused by the development of internal stresses associated with differential expansion (Hertz 2003).
The objectives of the finite element study are (1) to study the reduction of stress intensity factor (SIF) of cracked steel tube member repaired with FRP patching and (2) to predict the fatigue life of welded steel tube member repaired with FRP patching.
The results of the analysis indicated evident effect of asphalt base type on intensity of low-temperature cracking.
The exact buckling mode solution of the column, as functions of four integration constants, and the corresponding exact buckling load equation for any number, position and intensity of the cracks are presented.
Determination of the stress intensity factors of cracks is a fundamental issue for assessing the performance safety and predicting the service lifetime of engineering structures.
The results show that the proposed X-SBFEM is capable of calculating the stress intensity factors of cracks and predicting crack trajectories and load displacement relations accurately.
The generalized stress intensity factors of cracks and the generalized stress on the edge of the elliptic hole are shown graphically.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com