True to Voltaire's character, this constellation is best described as a set of intellectual stances and orientations rather than as a set of doctrines or systematically defended positions.
In fact, realized intellectual stances are more circumscribed in that most adaptationists are advocates of empirical, explanatory, and methodological adaptationism (e.g., Charnov 1982, Dawkins 1976, Maynard Smith 1978).
However, as I Have Landed makes clear, his intellectual stance softened and his opposition to religion and sociobiology moderated.
His perceived lack of a political or intellectual stance irritated "serious" authors (such as Ōe Kenzaburō), who dismissed his early writings as being no more than entertainment.
He unerringly maintained his political and intellectual stance in the face of changes that saw many on the left embrace rights discourse as a remedy to political issues.
A cornerstone of the good practice guidelines is that MBCT teachers have an established personal mindfulness practice and appreciate the common nature of human suffering, rather than teaching from a purely intellectual stance".
As a mark of this rapprochement, by the early 1980s some anthropologists in the United States were using the neologism sociocultural anthropology to describe their intellectual stance, while in Britain the Oxford Institute of Social Anthropology renamed itself the Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology in 1991.
"Jimmy Carter has a valid intellectual stance in these situations, which is, 'Let's stop fighting and then negotiate.' But he wants to duplicate the Camp David accords, so sometimes the hubris factor overflows". AT a stage of life when most people are easing up, why does this former president push himself with what Professor Brinkley calls a missionary zeal?
Such an intellectual stance, in turn, is a condition of possibility for genuine intersubjectivity, ultimately also for the republican ideals that Novalis is promoting.
This was the intellectual stance taken by Huxley in 1870 in his Presidential Address to the British Association for the Advancement of Science and followed by other materialist scientists such as Haeckel, Karl W. von Nägeli (1817 1891), John Tyndall (1820 1893), and August Weismann (1834 1914).
During this period, Voltaire also adopted what would become his most famous and influential intellectual stance, announcing himself as a member of the "party of humanity" and devoting himself toward waging war against the twin hydras of fanaticism and superstition.
