The integral feedback is implemented by the accumulation of a diffusive chemical produced by a colony.
Integral feedback for perfect adaptation is a ubiquitous strategy in engineering and biology.
To increase the robustness of the controller, the integral feedback technique is appended to the design method.
Multiple linear approximations of the model (for different set-points) are used for designing optimal multivariable integral feedback regulators.
Our analysis revealed a collective space-sensing mechanism, which entails sequential actions of an integral feedback loop and an incoherent feedforward loop.
We introduce tools for the analysis and design of robust homeostatic circuits and propose a new regulation motif, which we call antithetic integral feedback.
It is shown that the proposed adaptation procedure is equivalent to a classical integral feedback controller whose characteristics and implementation issues are well understood in practical control engineering.
It is shown that the adaptation of the feedforward control acts as an integral feedback and leads to a zero steady state offset.
The properties and performance of the resulting algorithms are compared with the delay free PI (proportional and integral) feedback control law.
Moreover, by including the integral feedback term, the designed controller can not only tolerate actuator stuck faults, but also compensate the disturbances with constant components.
This is achieved by inserting an observer augmented by a proportional integral feedback to be capable to estimate different generator and rotor speed sensors fault for compensation purposes.
