In this review, we discuss calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, iron, and copper, and define optimal intakes based on the available published data.
Nutrient intakes, based on the FFQ administered at 2 months, are reported in Table 1.
Energy-adjusted tertile cut points were used to designate low (lowest tertile), medium (middle tertile), and high (highest tertile) dietary intakes based on the distribution in control subjects.
Both diets were designed to be isocaloric and calorie restricted (-500 kcal/day), with caloric intakes based on the measurement of resting energy expenditure of each subject by indirect calorimetry (metabolic monitor VMAX; Sensor Medics, Anaheim, CA, USA) [ 7].
Calculation of nutrient intake was achieved by multiplying the frequency of consumption by standard portion weights, which were then converted into nutrient intakes based on the NUTTAB95 nutrient composition database (Food Standards Australia New Zealand, Canberra).
The FFQ analytic program calculated average annual servings of each FFQ line item, adjusted to sex-specific portion sizes, and estimated nutrient intakes based on the University of Minnesota Nutrition Data System for Research NDSRR, version 2007; http://www.ncc.umn.edu/products/ndsr.html).html
Dairy intake was converted to estimated Ca intake based on the reported ingestion of milk (one 200 ml cup =246 mg Ca) and cheese (one 30 g slice = 282 mg Ca).
We calculate the food intake based on the upper end of an average daily consumption of 2.5 3.5 kg (refs 7, 16, 19).
Researchers in the Netherlands decided to track fruit and vegetable intake based on the color of the largest edible portion of the food.
Prototype newsletters containing stage-matched messages were designed to increase motivational readiness to increase fruit and vegetable intake based on the Transtheoretical Model.
Estimated folate intake based on the focused recall approach is reasonably correlated with plasma folate and total homocysteine concentrations even in this small sample of women.
