Excess intake of CF causes headache, insomnia, agitation, tremor, hypertonicity, systemic hypokalemia, tinnitus, tachyarrhythmia, delirium, hyperventilation, hyperthermia, polyuria, dehydration, seizures, and coma (Simmons and Kidner 1998; Davies et al. 2012).
In summary, the results of this study indicate that the regular intake of CFs can improve aspects of cognitive performance among elderly subjects with no evidence of cognitive dysfunction, effects that appear to be dependent on the amount of CF intake.
Daily intake of OM, CF, aNDFom and ME differed (P<0.001) among diets while for DM and CP a trend was observed.
The effect size in our current study (a decrease of in-office BP of 4·4/3·9 mmHg (SBP/DBP)) was comparable to that described in a meta-analysis (comparison of CF intake with true CF-free controls using a blinded study design in patients with CVD or subjects being at risk for CVD (3·7/2·7 mmHg) and approaches the BP-lowering effect sizes observed by typical BP-lowering medications.
The relatively low intake of iron from CF is also a concern as iron stores are depleted by six months of age and the concentration of iron in breast milk is insignificant [ 11].
Whether or not the intake of cocoa flavanol (CF) has the potential to maintain and/or improve cardiovascular health in individuals without CVD and those with low degrees of cardiovascular risk, that is, healthy subjects, has not been evaluated.
Taken together, our study suggests that the endothelial functional improvements because of CF intake are similar in effect size, or even greater, compared with established primary and secondary preventive strategies.
Our estimation methodology accounts for the fact that, because so many individuals pass through more than once, neither the reported number of CF intakes nor of releasees represents unique persons passing though a facility.
In the current study, mean daily intake of vitamin D from CF was 0.4 μg at zero to six months and 0.8 μg at seven to 12 months.
The mean daily nutrient intakes from CF of each infant was averaged across the days of recording and data from infants of the same age were pooled in SPSSx Version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) to calculate an overall mean daily intake for each month of age (from three to 12 months).
In the current study, the actual mean intakes of protein from CF were approximately 8.1 g and 14.7 g, respectively.
