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Type of fluid intake, cumulative fluid intake, urine output and fluid balance (intake minus output) were documented immediately before the infusion of study agents (T0), 15 min (T15min), 30 min (T30min), 60 min (T60min), 120 min (T120min), 240 min (T240min) and 360 min (T360min) after the start of experimental agents' infusion.
This study aimed to determine how expectations about impending exercise and its potential ability to expend energy may influence i) energy intake before exercise and ii) overall energy balance (energy intake minus energy expended via exercise).
In contrast, energy availability, defined as the dietary energy intake minus the energy expended during exercise, is an input to the body's physiological systems, since energy availability is the amount of dietary energy remaining for all other metabolic processes [75].
The classical concept of energy balance, defined as dietary energy intake minus TEE, has been criticized, since according to this definition energy balance is the amount of dietary energy added to or lost from the body's energy stores after the body's physiological systems have done their work for the day [75].
Energy balance was calculated as energy intake minus energy target, on a daily basis.
Data (mean ± SEM) represent the absolute balance, i.e., the difference between nutritional intake minus urinary excretion.
Similar(45)
The actual intake rate minus the energy expenditure e [kJ day−1] resulted in the energy available for the storage of reserves.
The outcome measures extracted were change in mean energy intake (follow-up minus baseline) (measured in kJ) and change in mean body weight (follow-up minus baseline) (measured in kg), together with measures of variance.
Reaction Engines' breakthrough is a module containing arrays of extremely fine piping that can extract the heat and plunge the intake gases to minus 140C in just 1/100th of a second.
REL's solution is a module containing arrays of extremely fine piping that can extract the heat and plunge the intake gases to minus 140C in just 1/100th of a second.
Nitrogen balance was estimated as nitrogen intake (protein/6.25) minus urinary nitrogen excretion.
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