Alcohol intake was divided into four categories (none, low = 0.1 3.9 grams/day, medium = 4.0 10.0 grams/day and high intake > 10.0 grams/day) with low intake as reference category, and information on age at first birth (< 20, 20 25, > 25 years) and parity (0, 1, 2, ≥ 3 children) was combined into one variable.
Optimal dietary intake, as well as serum MK-4 reference range, in HD has not been determined, yet.
These reference diets can then be modified to mimic man's average dietary intake as well as meal patterns.
Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained with the bottom quintile of ALA intake as the reference category.
For smoking and alcohol, we included ordinal variables with non-smoking and moderate alcohol intake as the reference group.
We compared the odds for tertile intake categories between cases and controls, with the lowest tertile of intake as the reference category.
We plotted non-linear dose-response curves using restricted cubic splines for each study, with knots fixed at percentiles 10%, 50%, and 90% through the distribution, and the median intake as the reference.
An absence of a risk allele and high or moderate daily calcium intake was used as reference group.
We studied single SNP associations with total energy intake and macronutrient-specific energy intake using the ancestral allele as reference in the linear regression model, although it was not always the most frequent allele.
Model 2 included model 1 covariates + IPAQ classification, smoking (non-, past, or current smoker; nonsmoker serves as reference), alcohol intake (mL/day), and interaction terms (IPAQ×male, alcohol intake × male, current smoking × male).
The associations between high BP, dyslipidemia, IGT, overweight, obesity, and sleep duration categories were analyzed by logistic regression models, adjusted for sex, age, IPAQ classification, smoking (non-, past, or current smoker; nonsmoker serves as reference), alcohol intake, and interaction terms (IPAQ × male, alcohol intake × male, current smoking × male) as covariates.
