However, the ΔtadD mutant showed much more binding than the Δflp1-flp2 mutant (p = 0.007; Paired samples T-test), of which the latter expressed intact machinery for fimbriae production.
A ratio between 0.8 and 0.95 is considered normal to survive, implying normal supply for ATP synthesis and structurally intact machinery (i.e. mithocondria).
Thus, the absence of certain DNA repair activities may be beneficial and allow adaptation during specific stages of the pathogen's life cycle, but intact repair machineries are vital for long-term colonization.
Although the intact chaperonin machinery is needed to rescue natural substrate proteins (SPs) under non-permissive conditions the "minichaperone" alone, containing only the isolated apical domain of GroEL, can assist folding of a certain class of proteins.
Gliotoxin, a known inducer of apoptosis, confirmed equal and functionally intact apoptotic machinery in GFP and CXCL12-expressing cells (Figure 4A).
The survivors of the vegetative strain, however, can quickly resume growth at a high rate (Fig. 3A top panel) as they remained active and maintained an intact growth machinery during stress.
If the population is not mixed at all (D = 0.0), cooperators do not need an intact QS machinery to have a reliable cue on the presence of cooperating neighbors: with a high chance at least one clone mate (mother or daughter) is always around, and that is sufficient for them to enjoy the cooperation reward during their next interaction.
However, their application is limited to cells with intact apoptotic machinery.
Taken together, our results demonstrate that pancreatic cancer cells critically depend on the presence of functionally intact SAC machinery.
However, Parkin and PINK1 rescued loss of mortalin phenotypes via increased lysosomal-mediated mitochondrial clearance and required intact autophagic machinery.
