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B.R. exhibited a retained comprehension of musical symbols despite impaired knowledge of musical sources and emotions, while W.W. showed a deficit of musical symbol comprehension despite intact knowledge of musical sources and emotions.
Accordingly, patients with damage to posterior temporal cortex show poor language comprehension, while those with damage to LIFG show semantic retrieval problems but relatively intact knowledge of word meaning in tasks that minimize executive control demands (Hart and Gordon 1990; Chertkow et al. 1997; Thompson-Schill et al. 1998; Robinson et al. 2005; Novick et al. 2009).
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The participants in Cocks et al. (2011) and Pritchard et al. (in press) also had relatively intact semantic knowledge and so again the question of how impaired semantic knowledge impacts on gesture production could not be explored.
Genuinely intact family knowledge is a slightly wondrous thing, a stroke of both luck and privilege.
If gesture and language are intrinsically linked, then it is likely that they both rely on intact semantic knowledge.
These results indicated that those with intact semantic knowledge were more likely to produce gestures when experiencing a WFD.
This therefore suggests that the ability to produce iconic gesture when language fails is also dependent on relatively intact semantic knowledge.
Because these gestural indicators are noted from a sample of narrative discourse, they provide clinicians with an efficient means of detecting intact semantic knowledge.
These recent studies also used a single case study design and explored iconic gesture production by participants who also had relatively intact semantic knowledge but impaired phonological encoding.
As already discussed, Hadar and Butterworth (1997) have suggested that gestures produced during both fluent speech and word-finding difficulties both rely on intact semantic knowledge.
These findings therefore support the theory that iconic gesture relies on intact semantic knowledge (Hadar & Butterworth, 1997), and provide further evidence that language and gesture therefore are part of the same system or are two highly integrated systems (McNeill, 2000).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com