Start by helping patients act like sensible consumers: Replace the tax deduction for health insurance, which costs some $200 billion a year in forgone taxes, with a less generous tax credit that insulates lower-paid workers, while discouraging the rest from buying overgenerous plans.
This insulates them from falling prices, but denies them profits if prices rise.
They eat away at the myelin sheath which insulates the nervous system.
Italy may still have the world's sixth-largest industrial base, but Britain, often portrayed as an industrial weakling, makes and exports more cars than Italy does.The second assumption is that a high level of domestic savings, which tend to be conservatively invested in government debt or simply parked in bank accounts, insulates the economy from trouble.
The DOJ says that the fraud task force helpfully insulates prosecutors from political pressure.
These, in turn, generate a structure called the myelin sheath, which insulates nerves against leakage of the electrical signals that carry their messages around.
Such coiling allows a feather to absorb water, which streamlines and insulates the owner.
Yet the same two western firms pulled out of rival consortiums bidding for Rosneft.Western firms would prefer to spend their money on "production-sharing agreements", a type of contract for exploiting oil and gas fields that insulates companies against changes in a country's tax regime.
Mr Orszag argues that it has two big merits: it insulates tough decisions from politics and it encourages ongoing rather than one-shot reform.
The remaining connections are then made more efficient by a process called myelination, which essentially insulates neuronal axons with a sheath of fatty cell material, or "white matter".
Bank of America was in a position to buy Merrill Lynch in part because the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which guarantees deposits, insulates a large share of the bank's funding from crises of confidence.With federal backing comes federal oversight.
