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Exclusion criteria were insufficient language proficiency or inability to provide informed consent.
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Extensive (pre-existing) comorbidity or (mental) disabilities and insufficient Dutch language proficiency are criteria for exclusion, see Table 1.
Women whose English language proficiency is insufficient to complete structured telephone interviews are not eligible to participate.
Secondly, the sample did not include prisoners whose German language proficiency was insufficient to understand the interview questions.
The bad news is that immigrants are in a disadvantaged position regarding disease prevalence and drugs use and predominantly will remain so if language proficiency is insufficient, even if being resident for a long time in the Netherlands.
All three companies provide assessments of students' foreign language proficiency.
"Because of his foreign language proficiency, he brought social skills.
There is a crucial need for helping students to improve language proficiency.
Points would be awarded for job skills, education and English language proficiency.
Even claims of language proficiency aren't immune.
Furthermore, self-perceived language proficiency and the length of previous language study are effective alternative measures of language proficiency.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com