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More detailed direct comparisons of wellbeing and health status with other cohorts of adults with CP is limited due to different measurement instruments, variation in intellectual and mobility capacity of participants, and cultural influences [ 17, 19, 42].
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Theoretically, ideal calibration factors applied to instruments with zero intra-instrument variation would cause inter-instrumental variability to disappear when examined under standardized conditions in the mechanical setup in the laboratory.
Instrument-to-instrument variation due to intrinsic differences in handmade flow cells was also evaluated.
We found that the Hi-net sensors are well controlled with small instrument-to-instrument variation; more than 95%% of the sensors show natural frequencies in the range of f = 1.0 1.2 Hz and damping constants in the range of h = 0.6 0.8.
Non-diagnosis DTE variability included year of sequence generation, sequencing instrument variation and cause of death (Fig. 8).
In contrast, large sources of variability in DTE results were year of sequence generation, sequencing instrument-to-instrument variation and cause of death (Fig. 8B).
Due to heterogeneous crystallization of the sample/matrix mixture spotted onto MALDI plates, and/or to account for day-to-day instrument variation for both MALDI and SELDI, it is common practice to obtain replicate spectra from the same subject sample, resulting in non-independent (cluster-correlated) subject-level data [13].
This magnitude of m/ z variation within each cluster agrees with the vendor suggested instrument variation.
None of the included studies reported uninterpretable/intermediate results or data on observer or instrument variation.
The inter-instrument variation could be addressed through an individual unit calibration.
Accordingly, variability can be attributed to differences between devices (inter-instrument variation), differences over time (intra-instrument variation), differences between subjects (between-subject variation) and interactions between these different sources of variation.
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