As Sartori correctly pointed out (1987), the competitive theory of democracy becomes a powerful instrument of "payment" between electors and elected, when the latter, the incumbents, are conceived in their role of candidates for a new election; namely, when responsibility to the elector is enmeshed in the rules observed by the competitors, based on the "rule of anticipated reactions".
Additionally, full paychecks for the entire amount of one's wages, especially from trusted employers, could be readily used as an instrument of payment for goods and services.
Whether to consider distributive goals when designing the policy instrument of payments for ecosystem services is controversial.
Further, European Central Bank (ECB) data on access and use of payment instruments and terminals, show a steady graduation towards cashless payments (Table 1).
For the money transmitter/payment instrument seller charge, Judge Pooler also agreed with the defense that Bitcoin doesn't fall under the definition of "payment" instrument, and referenced the IRS's definition as an example.
Generally, the merchant charges the same price regardless of the type of payment instrument used to make the purchase (no surcharge rule).
Negotiable instruments are used for purposes of payment or credit and as security.
It does not want to lose face, one banker says: "There is a link between the timeliness of payment and the visibility of the instrument".
Get chatty with the person at ReiseBank with which American Express confirms that it has a special relationship and the person will tell you that as American Express does not have an office that can redeem the TCs the very same day for any bank, no bank wants to take the risk (of trusting "instruments" of other agencies given the recent payment crisis that many financial institutes suffered).
Finally, the survey instrument also provided information regarding the number and cost of treatments, methods of payment and treatment approaches.
