Despite high correlation in changes scores, responsiveness of instruments may differ substantially and could lead to important between-study heterogeneity and biased meta-analyses.
As instrument type and calibration methods may differ among hospitals, it is important that each center conducts an in-house study.
Because the meaning of the construct the instrument is designed to measure may differ from one culture to other, it is of paramount importance to ensure cultural equivalence before using a translated version of the scale in the Hong Kong Chinese context.
Our study, which has information both from food diaries and FFQs, found that although FFQs and food diaries cover different durations and measurements may differ between the two instruments, using well-constructed food diaries for measurement of infrequently consumed food items can provide results that do not differ substantially from those using FFQs.
Despite these results, the validity and reliability of an instrument, when applied to a population in a different cultural context, may differ from those of the original.
Documenting the instrument's performance characteristics in biospecimen donors, who may differ from potential donors, will allow the instrument to be used at multiple time-points throughout the research process.
Third, previous studies relied on other instruments to measure autonomy and sociotropy, which may differ from the DAS-A in terms of their contents (e.g., See Pincus and Gurtman 1995).
The microstructure dynamics, however, may differ considerably from one financial instrument to the next.
VascuQoL has been validated in the UK before [ 7], but the Swedish culture and treatment options may differ, why it is important that the instrument is now also formally validated from a Swedish culture and context [ 9].
Our instrument was based on previous work and established guides but results may differ with other assessments tools.
