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Scoring of PTSD symptoms was according to the original instrument guidelines and standards [ 11].
Current PRO instrument guidelines [ 3- 5] make it increasingly important for clinical researchers to understand the science behind the instruments used to try to capture the patient perspective.
Physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component summary measures were calculated by weighting each SF-8 item using a norm-based scoring method given in the instrument guidelines [ 8].
Band animals were castrated (time = 0 min) with latex rubber bands applied and tensioned to the neck of the scrotum using the Callicrate Smart Bander (St. Francis, KS, USA) following the instrument guidelines.
The outcome of PTSD was dichotomised into respondents exhibiting or not exhibiting signs of PTSD (cut off ≥ 2.0), and the outcome of depression dichotomised into respondents exhibiting not exhibiting signs of depression (cut off ≥ 1.75), based upon the cut off levels given in the instrument guidelines [ 26].
Based upon the cut off levels given in the instrument guidelines, the outcome of PTSD was dichotomised into respondents exhibiting or not exhibiting signs of PTSD (cut off ≥2.0), and the outcome of depression dichotomised into respondents exhibiting not exhibiting signs of depression (cut off ≥1.75) [ 18].
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The DHS program has spent vast resources on developing survey instruments, guidelines, careful selection of surveyors, training in survey techniques and analysis of collected data (19).
The instruments were translated into Thai, with permission from the author of the Resilience Scale, following the WHO Process of translation and adaptation of instruments guidelines [ 36], which included forward and backward translation, review by a panel of experts, and pre-testing the questionnaire.
A multidisciplinary and international group of palliative care researchers, identified themes and clinical issues on palliative sedation based on expert consultations and evidence drawn from the EAPC (European Association of Palliative Care) framework for palliative sedation and AGREE II (Appraisal Guideline Research and Evaluation) instrument for guideline assessment.
The instrument provides guidelines and tools to support the work of those responsible for the investigation and prosecution of the gender-based violent death of women.
Using the AGREE instrument, these guidelines were appraised by two researchers.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com