Although EMS dispatch-instruction was associated significantly with an increase in layperson CPR, abnormal breathing was associated with a much lower rate of CPR instruction and, in turn, was related to a much lower rate of bystander CPR.
The lack of any 'supportive procedures by midwives', including massage, aromatherapy, homoeopathy, acupuncture, full bath, administration of an enema, kinaesthetic, other techniques to optimise positioning or mobilise the woman and partner instruction, was associated with a threefold increase in the incidence of a caesarean or operative delivery.
Brief language instruction is associated with hazards as well as benefits.
Our study clarified that a positive patient perception of preventive dentistry (as measured by the percentage of patients in the practice who are interested in caries prevention) and a higher percentage of patients in the practice who received hygiene instruction were associated with the use of individualised caries prevention to a higher percentage of patients.
Finally, we tested whether a more general measure of comprehension ability, the number of times that participants failed the instruction comprehension test, was associated with model-based performance.
Multivariate logistic regression showed that EMS dispatch-instruction for CPR was associated significantly with layperson CPR (adjusted OR, 11.0; 95% CI, 5.72 to 21.2).
Compared with non-simulation instruction (11 studies), simulation was associated with moderate effects for satisfaction and skills (ES 0.39 and 0.42, respectively), large effect for behaviours (1.77), and small effects for time, knowledge, and patient effects (−0.18 to 0.23).
For example, compliance with the Joint Commission guidelines for discharge instructions in patients with heart failure was associated with decreased readmission rates.
The authors performed a meta-analysis and concluded that internet-based instruction, when compared with no intervention, was associated with positive learning outcomes, particularly in learner satisfaction and knowledge acquisition, but in the knowledge arena blended learning courses were excluded from the analysis [ 21].
They reported that a sequenced set of activities that encouraged active forms of learning was associated with improvements in children's school performance and social adjustment, whereas participation in programs using less organized approaches to activity implementation and didactic instruction was not associated with child outcomes.
