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The equivalence of learning paths in early science instruction: Effects of direct instruction and discovery learning.
The original study: David Klahr and Milena Nigam, "The Equivalence of Learning Paths in Early Science Instruction: Effects of Direct Instruction and Discovery Learning," Psychological Science 15 (2004): 661-67.
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However, whilst the rhythmic cueing effects were impervious to instruction, the effects of symbolic cues were contingent on the instruction to attend to colour.
This allowed comparison of the instrument effect and the instruction effect using a group of subjects with a wide range of peak flow values.
The proposed instantaneous current measuring approach, along with the execution of special test programs for analysis of inter-instruction effects provides a clear insight information of the power behavior of embedded processing systems.
The crucial questions of our evaluation studies were the efficacy of a multimedia-based realization of the cognitive apprenticeship (CA) approach, the diagnosis of mental model progression through the CA based instruction, and the effects of implemented metacognitive training.
Instructions for considering the effects of subject identification were found in the instructions of two journals, one of which instructed authors to pay attention to the possibility that children may have future regrets about the publication of their identifying information, even if their parents consented to it at the time.
In fact, the separate effect of hands-on experiences is often confounded with effects of instruction or curriculum changes (e.g., Unal, 2008; Hardy et al., 2006; see also Klahr, Triona, & Williams, 2007).
This study investigates the effects of instruction (input plus focused metapragmatic noticing) on the oral production of conventional expressions, particularly those conventional expressions which perform specific pragmatic functions in English.
However, we caution that attendance is not a direct proxy for the effects of instruction.
The current findings in identifying a critical source of information (i.e., item relation definition) that facilitates performance in the TI task point toward a potential mechanism that may mediate the effects of instruction on transitivity performance.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com