Direct purchases by individuals have also been increasing sharply.Compared with the size of institutions' portfolios, the shift abroad has so far been small.
In the near term, the remedies are for the central bank to flood the system with liquidity and shed some very bright daylight on the value of the institutions' portfolios.
All told, these two institutions' debt portfolio exceeds more than $1.5 trillion.
A year ago, Euan Hamilton, the global head of financial institutions and portfolio management at the Royal Bank of Scotland, paid $5.6 million for it, plus taxes and closing costs.
In fact, 40% of commissions were allocated by the institution's portfolio managers, 12% by its analysts and 10% by its clients.
ReprintsThe refurbishment, which cost £22m ($36m), much of which was raised by selling the institution's portfolio of property, has left the RI £3m in debt, and the trustees have decided that one way to cut costs is to cut the job of director.
One of the aims of this paper was to shift the institution's portfolio away from investing in coal towards more renewable energy projects.
Data was obtained either by searching online for the institution's portfolio of awards, or requested directly from the funder.
To help students polish their portfolios, institutions stage something akin to a college fair: participants set up booths, hand out brochures, tout their programs and conduct brief interviews.
