In areas with well-structured formal and informal institutions, populations seem to have adopted a better collaboration attitude with the local government by developing plans for a good management and protection of natural resource including FMNR practices.
These "invasion holes" are likely the result of a lack of local collectors or collecting institutions, populations occurring in inaccessible locations, or occurring in low abundances [18], [26].
The model is fitted to the whole dataset aggregated across the centres (eg the institutions, populations, or years) to be compared.
Beyond the personal impact on individuals suffering from infection, disease has societal impact: it can destabilize social institutions, populations, economies, and governments.
The erosion of institutions, population displacement, and the loss of livelihoods in ongoing conflicts in Somalia, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, Niger, and Mali, for example, all exacerbated the disasters that did occur.
Compared to the institutions' population of inpatients in 2008, the respondent group was older (mean age was 41.1 versus 45.3 years (t-test, p = 0.016)) and included more women (34.3 versus 41.2%), but the gender difference was not statistically significant (χ-test).
Compared to the institutions' population of outpatients, the respondent group was of the same age (mean age was 40.1 versus 41.1 years (t-test, n.s).), and it had fewer women (35.9 versus 45.2%), but the gender difference was not statistically significant (χ-test).
This study was designed to identify factors predisposing toward the development of significant postoperative pericardial effusions in a large, single-institution population of orthotopic heart transplant recipients.
Its incidence varies widely among published studies, ranging from 0.16 to 12%, depending upon institution, population studied and definition used [1 8].
Generation Scotland is a multi-institution, population-based resource [ 13], and a condition of agreeing to UK10K's management of access to the data derived from their samples was that any requests to use these data would be reported back to a Generation Scotland sample resource representative, thus satisfying their own metrics for monitoring data usage.
Britain's North American colonies, by contrast, made poor ground for extractive institutions; indigenous populations were too dispersed to enslave.
