Or perhaps the sin was more fundamental than that: perhaps it was the attempt to create a currency union among countries with different economies, histories, cultures, tax rates, fiscal systems, legal frameworks — and doing so with a European Central Bank to oversee the currency but with no controlling political institution in parallel with that bank.
The finding was reported online Wednesday in Nature by researchers at three institutions working in parallel.
That's as long as 5% does not mysteriously become "at least" 5%, or even a 5% discount on the price paid by City institutions in a parallel offer.
A Bulgarian study found that public health institutions often work in parallel with NGOs and fail to engage in prevention activities, even though these lie within their responsibility and are funded and staffed to do so [ 26].
One key informant envisaged the possibility that the Platform had the potential to "define the health systems agenda and the priorities, with substantial funding behind it... a de facto institution... created in parallel to the World Health Assembly but [with] even less sense of accountability than the World Health Assembly itself".
Iran is a modern republic with a constitution based on French and Belgian law, with Islamic tenets added in parallel institutions.
Some highly placed figures in the Egyptian military establishment have expressed alarm at this and have spoken of their unease to colleagues in parallel institutions outside the country.
During this period of rapid growth within the ESU, the endocrine case volume of non-specialist surgeons within the institution remained stable, moving in parallel with overall surgical volumes (Fig. 1).
In parallel, these institutions are required to undergo a Quality Review (QR) process for quality assurance purposes.
Currently, responsibilities remain in the hands of several institutions at a time, resulting in parallel lines of accountability.
