Exclusion of institutionalized elderly is another problem that may have led to selection bias since institutionalized people tend to have lower socioeconomic position and are less healthy than their non- institutionalized counterparts [ 46].
The exclusion of institutionalized persons in NHANES, such as those residing in long-term care, may have contributed to the low number of diabetic participants identified for inclusion in this analysis.
Other limitations of the study include the exclusion of the institutionalized population in the CPS and the time-fixed nature of the covariates over the relatively long cancer incidence follow-up.
Ability to build and activate societal resources that are likely to enhance the patient's health situation by mitigating the socio-economic inequities, power differentials, exclusion policies, and other institutionalized constraints they confront.
The weak association between the number of chronic conditions and the disability index in earlier years, namely 1997 and 1999, might be due to exclusion of deceased and institutionalized cases.
2. Exclusion criteria: Main caregivers of institutionalized patients.
Since the hydraulic model hypothesized in this analysis assumed a relative stability in the total size of institutionalized populations and an inverse correlation between correctional institutionalization and psychiatric institutionalization, the exclusion of measures of prison admission and release did not affect the goodness of data for the testing of the two hypotheses.
There are no exclusion criteria based upon socioeconomic status, race or insurance, but institutionalized patients and those with dementia or prior cancer (other than non-melanoma skin cancer) are excluded.
Exclusions in the Medicare population analysis included beneficiaries who were disabled, institutionalized, eligible for Medicaid, or enrolled in a health maintenance organization.
The adopted exclusion criteria were: people aged < 18 years, non residents of the two Health Authorities geographical areas, institutionalized subjects, and people not able to reason or understand and make decisions on their own.
