Without going into a detailed discussion of the many origins of planning, we may establish that, as an institutional practice, examples of urban planning can be found from the seventeenth century onwards.
The principal differences across national boundaries, he argues, are more institutional – for example if bankruptcy laws allow you to start again easily, and whether access to venture capital means you have lost outsiders' money rather than that borrowed from friends and family.
The result is a model based on a four tiered hierarchy, with three main criteria: institutional commitment, example setting, and advancing sustainability.
It is all these things - an installation, an institutional critique, an example of relational aesthetics.
That's possible, although institutional investors, for example, managing the pensions of individuals can be more stable owners and, at least in theory, exert greater influence on company management.
He noted that, for example, institutional investors who buy sukuk bonds, which are structured to comply with Islamic restrictions against paying interest and trading in debt, tend to hold them until maturity — thereby making it difficult for new clients to find them on the market.
For example, institutional populations were revealed to also contain a disproportionate number of XXY males.
Some policies and institutional changes, for example, may involve redistribution in all of these senses.
For example, institutional investors (pension fund, insurance company) use the shareholders' voting right to enhance the environmental management.
