Conservatives have co-opted them on liberty -- through President Bush's policy in the Middle East, which initiated freedom movements in that region -- and on values: conservatives are not ashamed to embrace core values instead of moral equivalence.
The grey-rough approximation is based on an interval coincidence relation and an interval inclusion relation instead of an equivalence relation and an indiscernibility relation in Pawlak's model.
Instead of the equivalence class formulations of cardinal and ordinal numbers, the von Neumann ordinals are used: a von Neumann ordinal is a transitive set (all of its elements are among its subsets) which is well-ordered by membership.
As DLs induce the representation of uncertain information when it is the case that (mathcal {K} not models A(a)) and (mathcal {K} not models neg A(a)), a similarity relation (instead of an equivalence relation) may be more adequate to model relationships between individuals, because it permits grouping of individuals that are close, but not necessarily indiscernible.
16 Finally, the decision to design a superiority instead of an equivalence trial placed MMF in a more challenging position.
The same correlation between accuracy and MALT was significant when we analysed raw scores instead of age-equivalence in mathematics, or parametric (Pearson) correlation analysis (all r > 0.64, all p < 0.03).
Thus, instead of bioequivalence, therapeutic equivalence is required at least by European agencies.
The third feature is that the model does not require an external measure of equivalence; instead, the demonstrator decides whether an attempted imitation was equivalent to the demonstration or not.
Moreover, it is shown that a further simplification of the reaction mechanism is obtained by narrowing the range of equivalence ratio instead of the range of temperature.
In other words, instead of the standard notion of equivalence (which holds between two frameworks, if they possess the same extensions), we require here that frameworks F and G are also equivalent when conjoined with any further framework H. Due to the nonmonotonicity of argumentation semantics, this concept is different to (but obviously implies) the standard notion of equivalence.
