Singh believes that instead of discouraging urbanisation, "economic opportunities and modern amenities should be promoted in rural areas.
"In the beginning of the race, lots of people rushed past me, but instead of discouraging me, I loved it.
But, instead of discouraging home ownership, a better solution would be to regulate the lenders that gave mortgages to speculators.
Instead of discouraging foreign investors, and crafting rules to stop local capital from fleeing abroad, they were advised to open up.
Currently, instead of discouraging fossil-fuel use, the U.S. government underwrites it, with tax incentives for producers worth about four billion dollars a year.
"This program still encourages unwise construction instead of discouraging it, and to me that means the program has failed, even with the reforms Congress just adopted," Mr. Hunter said.
Louise Blake took her troubles to Mrs. Compton, Blake knew, and instead of discouraging her crying jags, Mrs. Compton had come to imagine herself a sort of confessor and had developed a lively curiosity about the Blakes' intimate affairs.
"The perpetual menace of death, instead of discouraging Marcel, spurs him on anew toward his 'urgent, capital rendezvous with himself.' " Mr. Shattuck's arguments are sophisticated and subtle and not always easy to follow.
Chris LaCivita, a Republican strategist who helped organize the Swift Boat effort, said Mr. Matzzie's group was likely to have the opposite effect on potential donors, firing them up instead of discouraging them.
Instead of discouraging fluffy golden parachutes, the law legitimized them at just below the level where the excise tax kicks in, says RiskMetrics.
