Leafminers, for instance were documented to be locally adapted to their host tree phenotype, despite often small distances between different plants under natural conditions [15], [16].
One such instance was documented by researchers at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), who discovered that patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis had been enrolled in a clinical trial founded on inadequate preclinical data.
It basically works by finding the instance (in this case the instances are documents) from the dataset which is closest ((k=1)) to the one that is being considered.
Using smartphones, instances of graffiti were documented in two neighbourhoods of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
After reviewing 13 projects that each cost at least $100,000 and required a bid process, state auditors found only two instances in which bids were documented.
Such instances will be documented thoroughly.
Some such instances have been documented in the literature, with reports demonstrating that single walled carbon nanotubes interact with a number of fluorometric and colorimetric dyes, to give unexpected results in cell viability assays.
Conversely, numerous instances have been documented whereby insects show kin preference, based on a whole range of processes which include preferred mating protocols, acoustic and visuals clues and pheromone detection.
Once a pattern instance has been documented, the annotated component models and the source code get automatically checked for consistency and traceability links are automatically generated.
For instance, it is documented on page 279 in the CSR that an investigator, knowing the patient was on placebo, declared that a suicidal event was "definitely related to treatment" on the grounds that "the worsening of depression and suicidal thought were life threatening and definitely related to study medication [known to be placebo] in that there was a lack of effect".
