However, often the Eulerian flow fields of the entire granular bed are more useful– they can be used to study segregation, for instance, or the evolution of the free surface of the bed.
In our opinion, the present results may confirm that increased CD1a expression not only in DCs but above all in epithelial cells may prevent tumour progression, for instance regarding the evolution of GTBM towards Ca. The expression of CD1a on metaplastic epithelial cells might be induced by local humoral factors, like inflammatory cytokines, as well as other unknown stimulatory molecules.
The tetrapod transition from water to land, for instance, involved the evolution of many features adaptations for moving, sensing, breathing, and bearing young in this new, dry environment.
For instance, consider the evolution of sex chromosomes in male-heterogametic taxa (where males are XY and females are XX).
Illegitimate recombination was found to be the major driving force in gene duplications in plants, for instance in the evolution of multi-locus resistance genes [ 30, 31].
Sequence pairs where the instance is absent in both sequences were not considered, since any interpretation about their differences would imply making assumptions about the gain or loss of the instances during the evolution of the protein family.
The distribution N φ(m) allows to quantify and compute globally the in-plane orientation of the local slope values of an image as a whole and can be used, for instance, to follow the evolution of particular features of the facets in samples obtained under different experimental conditions (film thickness, substrate temperature during growth,…) [20, 21].
The strong selective advantage of HGT has in several instances driven the evolution of complex machineries in favor of transformation.
For instance, the evolution of a population of cells may be modeled by an agent-based model, where each agent has a boolean network for internal representation of its gene expression.
Following the initial benthic to pelagic shift early in the history of the OPM radiation, ancestral state reconstruction recovered several instances of the re-evolution of benthicity within the pelagic focal clade.
