The changes here documented in P. cespitosum also include both increases and decreases in slope (for instance, the evolution of a shallower decrease in conduction rates in high light, corresponding to steeper increases in photosynthetic rates and fitness in that treatment).
For instance, consider the evolution of sex chromosomes in male-heterogametic taxa (where males are XY and females are XX).
The strong selective advantage of HGT has in several instances driven the evolution of complex machineries in favor of transformation.
In rodents for instance, the evolution of alarm calls was likely selfish despite evidence of altruism in some species [ 12].
If meaning is conventional, then the evolution of meaning becomes an instance of the evolution of conventions.
Previous phylogenetic studies have shown that, in several instances, the evolution of C4-specific genes for PCK quickly followed a gene duplication (Christin, Petitpierre et al. 2009).
He maintains that only fanciful guessing and aggrandizing prejudice could support any scenarios that would describe, for instance, the evolution of limbs in creatures venturing from the sea or the rise of Homo sapiens from hominid progenitors.
For instance, the evolution of the neocortex in humans has allowed us to experience our environment through subjective mental states such as pain, smell, hearing and vision.
For instance, the evolution of galling is believed to be favoured in harsh xeric environments [ 83] that became particularly pronounced in Australia during the Quaternary.
The process has been clearly demonstrated in a wide variety of organisms [ 1, 2], and is implicated in the evolution of celebrated instances of extreme sexual dimorphism, e.g., elongated tail feathers [ 3] and bright coloration [ 4] in birds, exaggerated horns and spikes on insect genitalia, and bizarre modifications on male arthropod appendages [ 5].
