Table 5 Error test at 100 MHz clock frequency and 633.3 GB of data transferred Error insertion Amount of Amount of Retransmission rate (error/ms) inserted errors retransmitted data (Mb) time (ms) 1/4 849,871 25.93 ∼144.
Simulation runs for the code (4, 3), rate 3/4 is performed for each standard deviation of the inserted errors, 10-3 to 10-8.
Vandals had inserted "errors, pornographic photos and satire".
In the experiment, 10 trials at each error rate, 1%, 2% or 5% error, were performed with randomly inserted errors at the specified rate using 100 bp paired-end reads.
Error insertion (EI) method is a coding technique in which subcarriers are changed by intentionally inserting errors in these subcarriers in such a way that the resultant modified OFDM signal will have a reduced PAPR [12].
We did further studies of deliberately inserting errors, some very major, and came up with similar results.
With regular interval (i.e., at the beginning of a GOP) an I-frame is inserted for error propagation prevention, backward/forward play, indexing, etc.
To simulate a sequencing process capable of facilitating reconstruction of long haplotype blocks, we randomly generate paired-end reads of length 500 with average insert length of 10,000 bp and standard deviation of 10%; sequencing errors are inserted using realistic error profiles [ 27] and genotyping is performed using a Bayesian approach [ 28].
At the British Medical Journal we took a 600 word study that we were about to publish and inserted eight errors [ 13].
We note that all aforementioned techniques suppose that the source coder is not able to handle bitstream corruption, and somehow eliminate residual errors in order to feed the source decoding stage with uncorrupted data by either inserting an error detection stage, or by using packet-based transmission where the network itself suppresses residual errors by discarding data packets.
