Close analysis of the raw data revealed that the spurious activations for non-target ratio inputs are due to the excitation from both ORN populations producing the first spike in the generalist LN (LNc) before the excitation from the more active population (e.g., ORNb) can activate its specialist LN (LNb).
Together with the morphological evidence of low spine density in immature DGCs (21 dpi: 0.78±0.10 spines/µm, mature: 2.40±0.06 spines/µm, N = 19 neurons for both; V.C. Piatti and A.F.S. unpublished observations; see also [29]) our observations indicate that the weak glutamatergic input is due to a limited number of afferent terminals impinging onto young neurons.
We next tested the remaining possibility that selective strengthening of TC to L4 input is due to individual TC axons contacting a greater number of cells in L4.
79% of water input was due to precipitation, whereas more than 90% of water output was caused by evapotranspiration.
The increase in viscosity change (lower viscosity) with increasing the power input was due to higher disintegration of asphaltene flocs.
The lower viscosity and shear stress with respect to shear rate observed in frequency condition of 574 kHz with 50%% power input was due to higher formation of hydroxyl radicals and disintegration of asphaltene flocs.
Numerical simulations suggest that the decrease in input conductance is due to a shortening of the terminal segments of embryonic spinal motoneurons which are much more electrotonically compact than in neonates (Martin et al., 2013).
On the other hand, the experiments with synaptic receptor blockers (see point 2) exclude the possibility that the different gain of the input-output function is due to group-specific differences of indirectly activated feedback synaptic inputs (e.g. mossy cells, or GABAergic cells).
Mixing is controlled via periodic velocity forcing of one of the input streams, and is due to amplification of the perturbation as described by instability and receptivity theory.
We also analyze this mathematically, suggesting that the increase in input dynamic range is due to the increase of AraC protein level with increasing arabinose due to the NAR.
